The benefits of artificial intelligence in education: systematic review
Las bondades de la inteligencia artificial en la educación: revisión sistemáticaArticle Sidebar
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Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) constitutes a transformative driver in educational processes across diverse levels and contexts, attributed to its capacity to support instruction, personalize learning, and optimize pedagogical workflows. Objective: This study aims to analyze the affordances of AI in education based on recent literature published between 2024 and January 2026. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted adhering to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. A corpus of 25 studies focused on the application of AI in educational settings was identified and analyzed. Results: The findings demonstrate that AI fosters personalized learning, enhances teaching efficiency, and bolsters cognitive skills, critical thinking, motivation, and digital competencies. It further contributes to real-time feedback, educational inclusion, and pedagogical innovation. In the field of health sciences, AI supports the acquisition of clinical, communicative, and technical competencies through simulations and adaptive systems. Conversely, identified risks include over-reliance, academic misconduct (plagiarism), algorithmic bias, and data privacy concerns. Conclusions: AI presents significant opportunities to refine educational processes, provided its integration is guided by pedagogical, ethical, and contextual criteria. Effective implementation requires robust infrastructure, specialized faculty development, and ethical frameworks that guarantee a responsible, equitable, and student-centered approach to holistic development.
Contexto: La inteligencia artificial constituye un recurso significativo para transformar los procesos educativos en distintos niveles y contextos, debido a su capacidad para apoyar la enseñanza, personalizar el aprendizaje y optimizar la labor docente. Objetivo: Analizar las bondades de la inteligencia artificial en la educación, a partir de estudios recientes publicados entre 2024 y enero de 2026. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática basada en el método PRISMA. Para ello, se identificaron y analizaron 25 estudios relacionados con la aplicación de la inteligencia artificial en contextos educativos. Resultados: Los hallazgos evidencian que la inteligencia artificial favorece la personalización del aprendizaje, mejora la eficiencia docente y fortalece habilidades cognitivas, pensamiento crítico, motivación y competencias digitales. También contribuye a la retroalimentación rápida, la inclusión educativa y la innovación pedagógica. En ciencias de la salud, apoya el desarrollo de competencias clínicas, comunicativas y técnicas mediante simulaciones y sistemas adaptativos. No obstante, se identifican riesgos como dependencia excesiva, plagio académico, sesgos algorítmicos y problemas de privacidad de datos. Conclusiones: La inteligencia artificial ofrece importantes oportunidades para mejorar los procesos educativos, siempre que su incorporación responda a criterios pedagógicos, éticos y contextuales. Su implementación efectiva requiere infraestructura adecuada, formación docente especializada y marcos éticos que garanticen un uso responsable, equitativo y centrado en el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes.
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