Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools for Learning: A Systematic Review Article
Herramientas de inteligencia artificial generativa para el aprendizaje: Una revisión sistemáticaArticle Sidebar
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Background: Generative artificial intelligence has transformed current educational ecosystems, leading to questions about its true effects on student learning. Objective: To analyze the implications of generative artificial intelligence tools for student learning across different educational levels and geographical contexts. Methodology: A systematic review based on the PRISMA method was conducted, identifying 25 studies published between January 2022 and March 2026. Results: ChatGPT emerged as the most widely used platform, highlighting its accessibility and versatility. The educational implications present a duality: on the one hand, benefits such as personalized learning, increased motivation, and improved academic efficiency are observed; on the other hand, risks such as technological dependence, decreased critical thinking, and ethical dilemmas exist. Experimental studies show improvements in academic performance when combined with well-structured pedagogical strategies. Correlational studies show that the quality of interaction with these tools can predict higher academic achievement, although excessive or rote use tends to be associated with lower results. Conclusion: The effectiveness of generative artificial intelligence lies not only in its technical capabilities, but also in how it is integrated with well-designed pedagogical frameworks, teacher supervision, and the development of digital literacy.
Contexto: La inteligencia artificial generativa ha transformado los ecosistemas educativos actuales, lo que lleva a cuestionar cuáles son sus verdaderos efectos en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Objetivo: Analizar las implicaciones de las herramientas de inteligencia artificial generativa para el aprendizaje de los estudiantes de distintos niveles educativos y contextos geográficos. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática basada en el método PRISMA, donde se identificaron 25 estudios publicados de enero del 2022 a marzo del 2026. Resultados: ChatGPT resultó ser la plataforma más utilizada, lo que destaca su accesibilidad y versatilidad. Las implicaciones educativas presentan una dualidad pues, por un lado, se observan beneficios como la personalización del aprendizaje, el aumento de la motivación y la mejora en la eficiencia académica; y por el otro, existen riesgos como la dependencia tecnológica, la disminución del pensamiento crítico y dilemas éticos. Los estudios experimentales muestran mejoras en el rendimiento académico cuando se combina con estrategias pedagógicas bien estructuradas. Las investigaciones correlacionales reflejan que la calidad de la interacción con estas herramientas puede predecir logros académicos más altos, aunque el uso excesivo o mecánico tiende a relacionarse con resultados más bajos. Conclusión: La efectividad de la inteligencia artificial generativa no radica solo en sus capacidades técnicas, sino en cómo se integra con marcos pedagógicos bien pensados, la supervisión de los docentes y el desarrollo de la alfabetización digital.
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