Movilidad académica e impacto en la producción científica: un análisis cuantitativo
Academic mobility and its impact on scientific output: a quantitative analysisContenido principal del artículo
La movilidad académica internacional se ha consolidado como un componente crucial en la carrera de los investigadores, facilitando la transferencia de conocimiento, la expansión de redes de colaboración y el acceso a recursos avanzados. Este artículo presenta un análisis cuantitativo exhaustivo sobre la relación entre la movilidad académica y el impacto en la producción científica. Utilizando un diseño de estudio bibliométrico y datos agregados de fuentes como Scopus, Web of Science y estadísticas de la UNESCO, se examinó una muestra de 2,232 investigadores de diversas disciplinas y etapas de carrera. La metodología empleada combina análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial, incluyendo pruebas t de Student, análisis de chi-cuadrado y un modelo de regresión múltiple para identificar los factores predictores de la productividad científica. Los resultados revelan que los investigadores con experiencia de movilidad internacional exhiben un rendimiento significativamente superior en comparación con sus pares no móviles, con un 30.6% más de publicaciones, un 31.3% más de citas recibidas y un 52% más de colaboradores. El análisis de regresión confirma que la movilidad internacional es un predictor positivo y significativo (β = 0.342, p < 0.001) de la producción científica, incluso después de controlar por variables como el género, la etapa de carrera y el campo científico. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de las políticas de fomento a la movilidad como estrategia para potenciar el capital humano y el desarrollo científico a nivel global. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados para las instituciones de educación superior y los organismos de financiación de la investigación.
International academic mobility has established itself as a crucial component in the careers of researchers, facilitating knowledge transfer, the expansion of collaboration networks, and access to advanced resources. This article presents a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the relationship between academic mobility and its impact on scientific production. Using a bibliometric study design and aggregated data from sources such as Scopus, Web of Science, and UNESCO statistics, a sample of 2,232 researchers from various disciplines and career stages was examined. The methodology employed combines descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, including Student's t-tests, chi-square analysis, and a multiple regression model to identify the predictive factors of scientific productivity. The results reveal that researchers with international mobility experience exhibit significantly higher performance compared to their non-mobile peers, with 30.6% more publications, 31.3% more citations received, and 52% more collaborators. The regression analysis confirms that international mobility is a positive and significant predictor (β = 0.342, p < 0.001) of scientific production, even after controlling for variables such as gender, career stage, and scientific field. These findings underscore the importance of policies promoting mobility as a strategy to enhance human capital and scientific development globally. The implications of these results for higher education institutions and research funding agencies are discussed.
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