Afrontamiento y estrés en padres con hijos que presentan trastorno del espectro autista: Una revisión literaria
Coping and stress in parents with children with autism spectrum disorder: A literature reviewBarra lateral del artículo
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El artículo aborda la relación entre el afrontamiento y el estrés en padres de niños con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática con diseño documental, revisando un total de 64,928 artículos, de los cuales 39 fueron seleccionados para el análisis. Resultando que, el estrés de los padres de niños con TEA está influenciado por la gravedad de los síntomas del trastorno y el afrontamiento que ejecutan. Aunque el estrés persiste en situaciones donde hay síntomas graves, baja calidad de relación familiar, falta de apoyo familiar y conocimiento limitado sobre el autismo, se tiende a emplear diferentes enfoques de afrontamiento según el momento del diagnóstico de autismo. Al principio, es común que recurran al afrontamiento centrado en la emoción, y luego a uno centrado en el problema. En conclusión, el afrontamiento adecuado es clave para reducir el estrés en padres de niños con TEA.
The article addresses the relationship between coping and stress in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A systematic review with documentary design was carried out, reviewing a total of 64,928 articles, of which 39 were selected for analysis. As a result, the stress of parents of children with ASD is influenced by the severity of the symptoms of the disorder and the coping they perform. Although stress persists in situations where there are severe symptoms, low quality of family relationship, lack of family support and limited knowledge about autism, different coping approaches tend to be employed depending on the time of diagnosis of autism. Initially, it is common for them to resort to emotion-focused coping, and then to problem-focused coping. In conclusion, appropriate coping is key to reducing stress in parents of children with ASD.
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