Main Article Content

Jury Carla Medina Uribe
Aristides Hurtado Concha
Rafael Emiliano Sulca Quispe
William Enrique Cruz Gonzales

The pandemic outbreak acted as an unforeseen catalyst for the digital transformation of universities, radically altering teaching and learning methods. This study systematically reviews the scientific output published between 2020 and 2024 on digital technologies in distance education. The analysis focused on four key areas: the design of student-centered learning experiences, the technological infrastructure necessary to support virtual educational processes, institutional support for implementing changes at scale, and ongoing professional development for faculty in digital pedagogical skills. We explored databases in Scopus and selected the 15 articles with the highest number of citations, a criterion that guarantees proven academic relevance. The results show that digitizing university teaching goes beyond simply incorporating new technological tools. It requires rethinking teaching practices and institutional functioning. Among the main challenges identified are inequity in access to technology, the reluctance of some faculty members to modify their usual methods, and the difficulty of maintaining academic quality standards in virtual environments. However, valuable opportunities also arise: personalizing learning through artificial intelligence, facilitating global collaboration by leveraging connectivity, and innovating pedagogically with virtual reality. Institutions that successfully balance technological innovation with pedagogical excellence will be better positioned to lead higher education in this century.

El brote pandémico funcionó como catalizador imprevisto de la transformación digital universitaria, modificando radicalmente las formas de enseñar y aprender en educación superior. Este estudio revisa sistemáticamente la producción científica publicada entre 2020 y 2024 sobre tecnologías digitales en educación a distancia. El análisis se centró en cuatro ejes fundamentales: el diseño de experiencias pedagógicas que colocan al estudiante en el centro del proceso formativo, la infraestructura tecnológica sólida necesaria para sostener procesos educativos virtuales, el respaldo institucional efectivo para implementar cambios a escala, y la formación continua del profesorado en competencias digitales pedagógicas. Exploramos bases de datos en Scopus y seleccionamos los 15 artículos con mayor número de citaciones. Este criterio garantiza relevancia académica comprobada. Los resultados muestran algo crucial: digitalizar la enseñanza universitaria va más allá de incorporar herramientas tecnológicas nuevas. Exige repensar las prácticas docentes y el funcionamiento institucional en su conjunto. Entre los principales retos identificados destacan la inequidad en el acceso tecnológico, la renuencia de algunos docentes a modificar sus métodos habituales, y la complejidad de preservar estándares de calidad académica en entornos virtuales. Entre los principales retos identificados destacan la inequidad en el acceso tecnológico, la renuencia de algunos docentes para modificar sus métodos de enseñanza habituales, y la complejidad inherente de preservar estándares de calidad académica en entornos virtuales. Pero también hay oportunidades: personalizar aprendizaje con IA, facilitar colaboración global mediante conectividad, e innovar pedagógicamente con realidad virtual. Las instituciones que equilibren innovación tecnológica con excelencia pedagógica estarán mejor posicionadas para liderar la educación superior en este siglo.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

How to Cite
Medina Uribe, J. C. ., Hurtado Concha, A. ., Sulca Quispe , R. E. ., & Cruz Gonzales , W. E. . (2026). Digital technologies for virtual education: pedagogical transformation in the post-pandemic era. Horizontes, 10(41), 442–459. https://doi.org/10.33996/revistahorizontes.v10i41.1217
Section
Research Articles
Bookmark and Share
Referencias

Almpanis, T., y Joseph-Richard, P. (2022). Lecturing from home: Exploring academics' experiences of remote teaching during a pandemic. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 3, 100133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2022.100133

al-Salman, S., y Haider, A. S. (2021). Jordanian university students' views on emergency online learning during COVID-19. Online Learning Journal, 25(1), 286-302. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v25i1.2470

Elford, D., Lancaster, S. J., y Jones, G. A. (2022). Fostering motivation toward chemistry through augmented reality educational escape activities: A self-determination theory approach. Journal of Chemical Education, 99(10), 3406-3417. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.2c00428

Frolova, E. V., Rogach, O. V., Tyurikov, A. G., y Razov, P. V. (2021). Online student education in a pandemic: New challenges and risks. European Journal of Contemporary Education, 10(1), 43-52. https://doi.org/10.13187/ejced.2021.1.43

Getenet, S., Cantle, R., Redmond, P., y Albion, P. (2024). Students' digital technology attitude, literacy and self-efficacy and their effect on online learning engagement. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 21(1), Article 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00437-y

Mhlanga, D., Denhere, V., y Moloi, T. (2022). COVID-19 and the key digital transformation lessons for higher education institutions in South Africa. Education Sciences, 12(7), Article 464. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12070464

Peimani, N., y Kamalipour, H. (2021). Online education in the post COVID-19 era: Students' perception and learning experience. Education Sciences, 11(10), Article 633. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11100633

Piyatamrong, T., Derrick, J., y Nyamapfene, A. (2021). Technology-mediated higher education provision during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative assessment of engineering student experiences and sentiments. Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 34(Special Issue), 290-297. https://doi.org/10.16920/jeet/2021/v34i0/157158

Pratiwi, D. I., y Waluyo, B. (2023). Autonomous learning and the use of digital technologies in online English classrooms in higher education. Contemporary Educational Technology, 15(2), Article ep413. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/13094

Rapanta, C., Botturi, L., Goodyear, P., Guàrdia, L., y Koole, M. (2020). Online university teaching during and after the COVID-19 crisis: Refocusing teacher presence and learning activity. Postdigital Science and Education, 2(3), 923-945. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-020-00155-y

Rapanta, C., Botturi, L., Goodyear, P., Guàrdia, L., y Koole, M. (2021). Balancing technology, pedagogy and the new normal: Post-pandemic challenges for higher education. Postdigital Science and Education, 3(3), 715-742. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-021-00249-1

Sobko, S., Unadkat, D., Adams, J., y Hull, G. (2020). Learning through collaboration: A networked approach to online pedagogy. E-Learning and Digital Media, 17(1), 36-55. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042753019882562

Sukiman, Haningsih, S., y Rohmi, P. (2022). The pattern of hybrid learning to maintain learning effectiveness at the higher education level post-COVID-19 pandemic. European Journal of Educational Research, 11(1), 243-257. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.11.1.243

Tilak, J. B. G., y Kumar, A. G. (2022). Policy changes in global higher education: What lessons do we learn from the COVID-19 pandemic? Higher Education Policy, 35(3), 610-628. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41307-022-00266-0

Valsaraj, B. P., More, B., Biju, S., Payini, V., y Pallath, V. (2021). Faculty experiences on emergency remote teaching during COVID-19: A multicentre qualitative analysis. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 18(3), 319-344. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITSE-09-2020-0198